If the citation appears at the end of a sentence, put the end punctuation after the closing parenthesis for the citation.If the quotation precedes the narrative citation, put the page number or location information after the year and a comma.For a narrative citation, include the author and year in the sentence and then place the page number or other location information in parentheses after the quotation.Place a parenthetical citation either immediately after the quotation or at the end of the sentence.present quotations from research participantsįor a direct quotation, always include a full citation ( parenthetical or narrative) in the same sentence as the quotation, including the page number (or other location information, e.g., paragraph number).cite quotations from material without page numbers.Additional information is available about how to:
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This page addresses how to format short quotations and block quotations. Consult your instructor or editor if you are concerned that you may have too much quoted material in your paper. Instructors, programs, editors, and publishers may establish limits on the use of direct quotations. when you want to respond to exact wording (e.g., something someone said).
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